Push (按) in The Explanation of Tai Chi Chuan's Harmonious Stepping in Four Sides of Pushing Hands (太極拳合步四正推手解) Empurrar (按), a partir da Explicação dos Passos Harmoniosos dos Quatro Lados do Tuī Shǒu (太極拳合步四正推手解)

按者，因擠式不得其機，便將右手，緣彼敵之左肘外廉轉上，仍成履式履回。如履又不得勢，刖翻右手，以手心按彼左肘節上抽出。左手又以手心按彼左腕上，是謂之按。按之轉復為掤。掤履擠按終而復始，輪轉不息。此謂練習黏連貼隨之意也。以上四式，變化無窮，筆難縷術，望學者幸細心領會。

楊澄甫

"To push (Àn): as the pressing (Jǐ) may not be the appropriate form, one simply uses the right hand and attach it to the exterior of the opponent’s left elbow over the articulation, to transform the posture into Rollback (Lü) and apply this posture. If Rollback (Lü) cannot be applied, one turns over the right hand and uses the palm to push down the opponent’s left elbow joint. In the same way the left hand uses the palm to push down the opponent’s left wrist. This is called push (Àn), from push (Àn) one turns back to Ward-off (Peng). Wardoff (Peng), Rollback (Lü), Press (Jǐ), and Push (Àn) work as a full circle, cycling without ceasing. This is the meaning of practicing adhering, connecting, attaching and following. The four patterns mentioned above have endless variations. It is difficult to detail them in writing. It is expected that the attentive practitioner understand them."

Dictated by Yang Chengfu (楊澄甫口述), noted by Chen Weiming (陳微明筆述), based on the translation by by Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) presented in the book Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) and various translations on the internet.

"Empurrar (Jǐ): se o pressionar (Jǐ) não for a forma apropriada, deve-se simplesmente utilisar a mão direita e pousá-la no exterior do cotovelo esquerdo do oponente, sobre a articulação, para transformar a postura em Deixar Passar (Lü). Se o Deixar Passar (Lü) não puder ser aplicado, deve-se simplesmente virar a mão e usar a palma para empurrar a articulação do cotovelo esquerdo para baixo. Da mesma maneira a mão esquerda aplica a palma para empurrar para baixo o pulso esquerdo do oponente. Isso se chama Empurrar (Jǐ) e de Empurrar (Jǐ) volta o Aparar (Peng). Aparar (Peng), Deixar Passar (Lü), Pressionar (Jǐ), e Empurrar (Àn) fazem um ciclo completo, alternando-se sem cessar. Este é o significado de praticar colar, conectar, aderir e seguir. As quatro posturas mencionadas acima têm variações infinitas. É impráticavel descreve-las todas. Espera-se que o praticante meticuloso comprenda essas posturas."

Transmitido oralmente por Yáng Chéngfǔ (楊澄甫口述), anotado por Chén​ Wēi​míng (陳微明筆述), baseado na tradução de Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) apresentada no livro Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) e outras traduções na internet.

Press (擠) in The Explanation of Tai Chi Chuan's Harmonious Stepping in Four Sides of Pushing Hands (太極拳合步四正推手解) Pressionar (擠), a partir da Explicação dos Passos Harmoniosos dos Quatro Lados do Tuī Shǒu (太極拳合步四正推手解)

擠者，正與履式相反。履則誘彼敵之按勁，使其進而入我陷阱而取之，必勝矣。設我之動力，先為彼所覺，則彼進勁必中斷，而變為他式，刖我之履勢失效，則不可不反退為進。用前手側採其肘，提起後手，加在前手小臂內便乘勢擠出。則彼倉猝變化之中，未有不失其機勢，而被我擠出矣。被擠者須於變化中能鎮定，有先覺，急空其擠勁，則便成其按勢矣。

楊澄甫

"To press (Jǐ) is just the opposite from Rollback (Lü). Rollback (Lü) induces the opponent’s Àn (push) to enter one’s trap and be caught there. This is a sure success. In the case one’s moving force is detected early by the opponent, he will interrupt his Ànjìn (push energy) and transform it into another posture; one’s Rollback (Lü) will be ineffective, it is unavoidable to reverse the retreating into advancing. Use one’s front hand to pluck his elbow from the side; raise one’s rear hand to add it inside the forearm of the front hand; take the opportunity to press. When encountering this sudden change, one should not loose his momentum and does not get pressed. If the one being pressed can remain unperturbed and has some foresight, he will immediately empty the pressing (Jǐ) by simply turning into a Àn (push)."

Dictated by Yang Chengfu (楊澄甫口述), noted by Chen Weiming (陳微明筆述), based on the translation by by Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) presented in the book Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) and various translations on the internet.

"Pressionar (Jǐ) é apenas o oposto de Deixar Passar (Lü). Deixar Passar (Lü) induz o Àn (empurrar) do oponente à entrar numa armadilha e ser pego ali. Este é um sucesso certo. No caso em que a força em movimento é detectada cedo pelo oponente, ele interromperá seu Ànjìn (energia de empurrar) e transformá-la em outra postura; o Deixar Passar Rollback (Lü) será ineficaz, é inevitável reverter a retirada em avanço. Ao se utilisar a mão da frente para colher o cotovelo do oponente à partir do lado; levantar a mão de traz para juntá-la ao interior do ante-braço da mão da frente; utilisar a oportunidade para pressionar. Quando se encontra essa mudança brusca, não se deve perder o embalo e se deixar pressionar. Se a pessoa sendo pressionada consegue manter-se calma e antecipar, ela esvazia imediatamente o pressionar (Jǐ) simplesmente transformando-o em Àn (empurrar)."

Transmitido oralmente por Yáng Chéngfǔ (楊澄甫口述), anotado por Chén​ Wēi​míng (陳微明筆述), baseado na tradução de Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) apresentada no livro Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) e outras traduções na internet.

Rollback (履) in The Explanation of Tai Chi Chuan's Harmonious Stepping in Four Sides of Pushing Hands (太極拳合步四正推手解)Deixar Passar (履), a partir da Explicação dos Passos Harmoniosos dos Quatro Lados do Tuī Shǒu (太極拳合步四正推手解)

履者，連著彼之肘與腕，不抗不採。因彼伸臂襲我，我順其勢而取之。是收回意謂之履。此字義又與說文不同，乃拳術家之專用名詞也。其方法即履去轉腰加上一手連著彼之肘節間。被履者須本捨己從人，亦須知有捨人從己之處。被履覺其手加重，便可乘之以靠。或覺其履勁，忽有斷繢，刖急舍其一邊，而襲以擠可也。

楊澄甫

"Rollback (Lü) means to connect through the opponent's elbow and wrist, without resisting and without plucking. When the opponent extends his arm to attack me, I follow his momentum to fetch him. This is the meaning of withdraw which is called Rollback (Lü). This character has as well a different meaning from the Shuowen (traditional dictionary from the Han dynasty), it is therefore a term specific to martial arts schools. The method of Rollback (Lü) combines a turn of the waist with the connection of the hand with the elbow of the opponent. To use Rollback (Lü) one must know when give up oneself and when one must give up the opponent. If one is being Rollbacked (Lü) and feel the opponent’s hand pressure, one can take advantage and apply a Bump (Kào). In the other hand, if one feels the opponent’s Rollbacked (Lü) energy is suddenly cut off, then one can immediately abandon that side and can attack using press (Jǐ)."

Dictated by Yáng Chéngfǔ (楊澄甫口述), noted by Chén​ Wēi​míng (陳微明筆述), based on the translation by Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) presented in the book Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) and various translations on the internet

"Deixar Passar (Lü) significa conectar através do cotovelo e do pulso do oponente, sem resistir e sem pressionar. Quando o oponente estende seu braço para me atacar, eu sigo sua inércia para pegá-lo. Este significado é o de se retirar, que é também chamado de Deixar Passar (Lü). Este ideograma tem um significado bem diferente do apresentado no Shuowen (dicionário tradicional da dinastia Han), é um termo específico às escolas de artes marciais. O método de Deixar Passar (Lü) combina uma rotação da cintura com a conexão da mão ao cotovelo do oponente. Para usar o Deixar Passar (Lü) deve-se saber quando abandonar a si mesmo e quando abandonar o oponente. Se alguém aplica o Deixar Passar contra mim e eu sinto a pressão da mão, pode-se tirar vantagem e aplicar um Golpe de Ombre (Kào) ao oponente. Por outro lado, se eu sinto que a energia de Deixar Passar do oponente desaparece de repente, pode-se imediatamente abandonar este lado e atacar usando Pressionar (Jǐ)."

Transmitido oralmente por Yáng Chéngfǔ (楊澄甫口述), anotado por Chén​ Wēi​míng (陳微明筆述), baseado na tradução de Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) apresentada no livro Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) e outras traduções na internet

Ward-off (掤) in The Explanation of Tai Chi Chuan's Harmonious Stepping in Four Sides of Pushing Hands (太極拳合步四正推手解)

掤法向外，駕禦敵人之按手，使不得按至胸腹貼近。故曰掤。此掤字取意，與說文釋義稍異。掤之方式，左右同其用法，最忌板滯。板者，不知自己之運動。滯者，不知敵人之取舍。既不知己，又不知彼，則不成為推手矣。遲重者，必以力禦人，便成死手，非太極家之所取也。必曰掤者，黏也非杭也。手向外掤，意欲黏回，又不使己之掤手與胸部貼近。得化勁全賴轉腰，一轉腰則我之掤勢巳成矣。

楊澄甫

"The technique of Ward-off (Peng) is directed outward. It is used to defend against the opponent's Press (An) to make him unable to Press (An) and block the chest and the abdomen. This is called Peng (Ward off). The meaning of the Ward-off (Peng) character differs slightly from the explanation in the Shuowen (traditional dictionary from the Han dynasty). In the Ward-off (Peng) manner, both right and left are treated in the same way, the most important is to avoid stiffness. If stiff, one cannot feel one’s own movements. If sluggish, one cannot know the opponent’s choices. If one is not aware of oneself and does not know the opponent, then it cannot push hands. When one is slow and heavy, Muscular Force (Li) has to be used to resist the opponent. The hands become ordinary dead hands. This is not what is aimed by the Taiji styles. Ward-off (Peng) is necessarily adhering and not resisting. The Ward-off (Peng) hands are directed outward, the Yi Intention (Yi) is to adhere and revolve, and one does not allow the hands press to one’s own chest. One should use Neutralizing Jin (Hua Jin) by relying on the waist's turning. Once the waist is turned, then the formation of Ward-off (Peng) is completed."

Dictated by Yang Chengfu (楊澄甫口述), noted by Chen Weiming (陳微明筆述), based on the translation by by Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) presented in the book Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) and various translations on the internet

The Explanation of Tai Chi Chuan's Harmonious Stepping in Four Sides of Pushing Hands (太極拳合步四正推手解)

太極拳合步四正推手解
太極拳以練習推手為致用，學推手刖即是學覺勁,有覺勁刖懂勁便不難矣。故總論所謂由懂勁而階及神明，此言即根於推手無疑矣。掤，履，擠，按四式即黏，連，貼，隨捨己從人之定步推手。

楊澄甫

"Taijiquan uses the practice of pushing hands because of its delicate appplication. Learning pushing hands means learning Feeling Jin. When there is Feeling Jin, the Understanding Jin is not difficult. Therefore, the Total Thesis (of Taijiquan) said: «from Understanding Jin then gradually reach the spiritual enlightenment». There is no doubt that these words are in the basis of pushing hands. Peng (Ward Off), Lu (Rollback), Ji (Press), and An (Push) are the four patterns of adhering, connecting, attaching and following of selfless yielding in fixed-step push hands."

Dictated by Yang Chengfu (楊澄甫口述), noted by Chen Weiming (陳微明筆述), based on the translation by by Yang Jwing Ming (楊俊敏) presented in the book Tai Chi Secrets of the Yang Style (太極拳楊氏先哲秘要) and various translations on the internet